How does periodic table show valence electrons

Group 2 elements with two valence electrons are almost as reactive as elements in group 1 for the same reason. A: An atom of a group 17 element such as chlorine has seven valence electrons. Group 16 elements with six valence electrons are almost as reactive for the same reason. Atoms of group 18 elements have eight valence electrons or two in the case of helium. These elements already have a full outer energy level, so they are very stable.

As a result, they rarely if ever react with other elements. Elements in other groups vary in their reactivity but are generally less reactive than elements in groups 1, 2, 16, or Q: Find calcium Ca in the periodic table see Figure above.

Based on its position in the table, how reactive do you think calcium is? Name another element with which calcium might react. A: Calcium is a group 2 element with two valence electrons. Therefore, it is very reactive and gives up electrons in chemical reactions. This would be an element in group 6, such as oxygen. Valence electrons also determine how well—if at all—the atoms of an element conduct electricity. The copper wires in the cable in the Figure below are coated with plastic.

Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity, so it is used for wires that carry electric current. Plastic contains mainly carbon, which cannot conduct electricity, so it is used as insulation on the wires. Q: Why do copper and carbon differ in their ability to conduct electricity? A: Atoms of metals such as copper easily give up valence electrons. Their electrons can move freely and carry electric current.

You can see in detail how this occurs at the URL below. Atoms of nonmetals such as the carbon, on the other hand, hold onto their electrons. A few elements, called metalloids , can conduct electricity, but not as well as metals. Examples include silicon and germanium in group Both become better conductors at higher temperatures. These elements are called semiconductors. Q: How many valence electrons do atoms of silicon and germanium have?

What happens to their valence electrons when the atoms are exposed to an electric field? A: Atoms of these two elements have four valence electrons. When the atoms are exposed to an electric field , the valence electrons move away from the atoms and allow current to flow. For those atoms that are reactive, the number of valence electrons also determines whether they tend to give up or gain electrons in chemical reactions.

Nonmetals, which attract electrons, generally cannot. Metalloids such as silicon and germanium can conduct electricity but not as well as metals. What analogy does Mr. What is the octet rule? What is it based on? What are two ways atoms can achieve an octet of valence electrons?

Draw an electron dot diagram for an atom of nitrogen N. Which of the following statements about valence electrons and the periodic table is true?

The number of valence electrons decreases from left to right across each period. The number of valence electrons increases from top to bottom within each group. All of the elements in group 9 have nine valence electrons.

Elements with the most valence electrons are in group Which element would you expect to be more reactive: phosphorus P or fluorine F? Explain your answer. Explains the arrangement of the periodic table and the relationship between subatomic particles. How do valence electrons determine chemical reactivity? How many valence electrons are in a silicon atom? How many valence electrons are in an atom of chlorine? How many valence electrons are in an atom of magnesium? How many valence electrons are in an atom of phosphorus?

Oxygen is located in group 16 on the periodic table, so it has six valence electrons. Be aware of the unique electron configuration of transition metals. Determine the range of apparent valence electrons. The element iron is in group 8, and therefore has two or three apparent valence electrons. How to Use the Octet Rule. Definition of Representative Element. How to Read the Periodic Table for Kids.

How to Calculate Valency. What Does the Period Number Represent? What Determines the Chemical Behavior of an Atom? How to Calculate Electron Configuration. How to Find the Number of Electrons. How to Find a Quantum Number. For facts, physical properties, chemical properties, structure and atomic properties of the specific element, click on the element symbol in the below periodic table. Pregnancy Tools Baby Name Finder. Worksheets Worksheets for Kids.